Social Studies 10 Lessons

By: Gen L

Lesson 1: Causes of The First World War

Causes:

• The First World War wasn't fought for clear reasons.
• It was the result of a multitude of contributing factors.
• Generally, it is accepted there were 4 MAIN Causes of the War:
  • Militarism
  • Alliance Network
  • Imperialism
  • Nationalism

Militarism

• An attitude where the military is used as a means to solve problems or disputes.
• Often referred to as "Sabre Rattling"
  • Prior to the war, Britain and Germany had been involved in a frantic arms race. It was largely naval, as both produced larger battleships. Naval power ensured countries could support and defend colonies.
  • Many conflicts were resolved through posturing a show of force: "Gunboat Diplomacy".

Imperialism

• The attitude whereby a country builds an empire to increase its own strength and wealth.
  • Germany was racing to build a colonial empire, putting them at odds with Britain.
  • Many countries raced to develop holdings in Africa and the Pacific. Pride caused many conflicts and disputes.
  • Britain claimed, "The sun never sets on the British Empire."

Alliances

• A series of secret and public treaties to protect countries. Although defensive, they ensured once hostilities erupted, all of Europe would be dragged in.
  • Triple Entente (Allies) - Britain, France & Russia
  • Triple Aliance (Central) - Germany, Austria-Hungary & Italy
  • Even when countries attempted to stay out of conflict, treaties & alliances dragged them in (spiral into absolute war).

Nationalism

• A strong sense of pride in one's culture and ethnic background. Can, but does not have to refer to one's "country".
  • Major Powers were Ultra-nationalistic (nationalistic to the point of supremacy). They were considered "Jingoistic" (self-obsessed, super patriotic, flag waving, etc.)
  • Countries sharing a linguistic, ethnic or cultural link felt an allegiance to each other. (Nationalism encourages Alliances).

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